《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(11): 1991-1996

低空气湿度对小麦气孔特性的影响

余耀^1,*, 王俊斌^1,2,*, 丁博¹, 吴天文¹, 余鹏¹, 任柏林¹, 谢晓东^1,**

天津农学院¹天津-布里斯托环境变化对农作物影响研究中心, ²基础科学学院, 天津300384

通信作者：余耀；E-mail: xiex@tjau.edu.cn；Tel: 022-23798697

摘　要：

以小麦为研究材料, 借助精密环控舱系统、红外热成像仪和光合仪, 通过测定叶片温度、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和光合速率(P_n)等指标, 研究空气湿度改变对小麦气孔特性的影响。结果表明: 降低空气湿度后, 小麦的叶温比(叶片温度/环境温度)在最初的10 min内迅速降低, 此后小幅度上升并逐渐达到稳定, 而G_s、Tr、Ci和P_n的变化趋势则相反, 叶温比适于植物气孔应答空气湿度的研究。与高空气湿度条件相比, 离体小麦叶片在低空气湿度下的失水率显著升高, 表明空气湿度可显著影响小麦气孔的运动状态。

关键词：小麦; 气孔特性; 叶温比; 空气湿度; 红外热成像

收稿：2015-08-10   修定：2015-09-30

资助：天津市国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20141006-1055)、天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(2013-0606)、天津市科委应用基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(14JCYBJC30600)、天津市高校创新团队培养计划(TD12-5017)、天津市学科领军人才计划和天津市131人才工程。

Effect of Low Atmospheric Humidity on Stomatal Features in Wheat

YU Yao^1,*, WANG Jun-Bin^1,2,*, DING Bo¹, WU Tian-Wen¹, YU Peng¹, REN Bo-Lin¹, XIE Xiao-Dong^1,**

¹Tianjin-Bristol Research Center for the Effects of the Environment Change on Crops, ²College of Basic Sciences, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China

Corresponding author: YU Yao; E-mail: xiex@tjau.edu.cn; Tel: 022-23798697

Abstract:

Stomatal response to changes in low atmospheric humidity was studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Leaf temperature, stomatal conductance (G_s), transpiration rate (T_r), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and net photosynthetic rate (P_n) were investigated by the precisely controlled environmental chamber, infrared thermal camera and photosynthetic analyzer. The results showed that the temperature ratio (leaf temperature/environmental temperature) rapidly declined within 10 min after low humidity treatment, and then rose slightly till a plateau level, while G_s, T_r, C_i, and P_n responded conversely. Hence, leaf temperature ratio can be used to monitor wheat stomatal movement under low atmospheric humidity. Water loss of detached wheat leaves under reduced humidity was significantly higher than that under high humidity, indicating wheat stomatal movement is closely related to the condition of air atmospheric humidity.

Key words: wheat; stomatal features; leaf temperature ratio; air atmospheric humidity; infrared thermography